What is the working principle of the multi gradient experimental tube furnace?

The working principle of the multi gradient experimental tube furnace is mainly based on electric heating technology and precise temperature control system. The following is a detailed explanation:

1. Heating principle
Electric heating element:
Multi gradient experimental tube furnaces usually use resistance heating methods, with heating elements such as silicon carbon rods, silicon molybdenum rods, etc. installed inside the furnace.
When current passes through the heating element, due to the presence of resistance, electrical energy is converted into thermal energy, causing the temperature of the heating element to rise.
Thermal conduction and radiation:
The heat generated by the heating element is transferred to the sample inside the furnace through thermal conduction and convection.
At the same time, the heating element and the inner wall of the furnace will also transfer heat to the sample in the form of thermal radiation.

2. Temperature control principle
Temperature sensor:
Thermocouples and other temperature sensors are usually installed inside the furnace to monitor the temperature in real-time.
The temperature sensor converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the temperature control system.
Temperature control system:
The temperature control system receives signals from temperature sensors and compares them with the set target temperature.
According to the comparison results, the temperature control system adjusts the power of the heating element to control the temperature rise and fall inside the furnace.
Multi gradient temperature control:
The multi gradient experimental tube furnace has multiple temperature zones, each of which can be independently set and controlled for temperature.
By controlling the power of heating elements in different regions separately, temperature gradients can be achieved in different areas of the furnace.

3. Workflow
Set temperature:
Users set target temperature and temperature gradient in the temperature control system according to experimental requirements.
Start heating:
The temperature control system activates the heating elements in the corresponding area based on the set target temperature for heating.
Temperature monitoring and adjustment:
The temperature sensor monitors the temperature inside the furnace in real time and transmits the signal to the temperature control system.
The temperature control system adjusts the power of the heating element based on real-time monitoring temperature signals to maintain stable temperature inside the furnace.
Experiment completed:
At the end of the experiment, the user turned off the heating element and the temperature inside the furnace gradually decreased to room temperature.